Polyprenols and craniocerebral injury
Preclinical study.
Craniocerebral injury is one of the most common types of injuries, which significantly reduces the ability to work and can lead to disability. The consequences are usually treated with medications. The study examined the effectiveness of treatment of craniocerebral injuries (CCI) with polyprenols in rats. As a result, the damaged brain tissues restored, biochemical blood indices and work of the cardio-vascular system normalized, and behavior improved in rats. The conclusion is that polyprenols have pronounced neuroprotective activity and restore functional activity of the brain after a craniocerebral injury.
Solagran Limited, Melbourne, Australia
Institute of Toxicology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia,
Federal State Institution of Science, Saint Petersburg, S.M. Kirov Academy of Forestry Engineering in Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg, Russia
I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Introduction
Craniocerebral injury (CCI) is one of the most common types of traumatic pathology, it is annually registered in 2-4 persons per 1,000 inhabitants of the country, but consequences of CCI are the most important in social and economic terms, as they can have chronic character, worsening the quality of life of the patient, reducing his or her capacity to work and often leading to disability. Medication therapy aimed at preventing cerebral hypoxia, improvement of metabolism, restoration of the active mental activity, normalization of emotional and vegetative manifestations occupies one of the leading places in the treatment. Development of complex medication treatment, which works to reduce ischemic damage to the brain tissue is a topical task of modern medicine. To this end, medications improving blood microcirculation, stimulating processes of bioenergy and reducing the degree of free-radical damage are widely used in clinical practice.
Study Purpose
Overall estimate of neuroprotective activity of polyprenols* for the therapy of consequences of an experimental CCI.
Methods
Comparative efficacy of medications was evaluated by several groups of indicators: behavioral responses, ECG, blood pressure, biochemical study of blood of animals, histological study of brain tissues. The data were processed statistically using the software of Systaw 5 for personal computers. The experiments were performed in 60 white nonlinear male rats. The parietal region of the cranium of rats was injured with a load that was about 10% of weight of an animal. After being injured, the rats had a transient loss of consciousness, short-term convulsions and movement anomalies. The medications were introduced a day after a CCI: polyprenols* in the dose of 13.4 mg/kg, the comparator medication (gliatilin) - 93 mg/kg. Indicators were assessed before and 7 days after CCI. After CCI (without treatment), indicators of behavior remained pathologically altered in rats throughout the experiment.
Results
Against the background of therapy with the polyprenolic preparation* and the gliatinin preparation, the normalization of the behavior pattern of rats in the test of "open field" was observed: the latent period restored, horizontal and vertical activity became 2 times higher, the number of glances was 2-2,5 times higher, and the number of boluses increased , which evidenced the normalization of the emotional background and the structure of behavior of the animals. CCI was also characterized by pronounced changes of biochemical blood indicators: the indicators of ESR and sialic acids were 5 times higher, fibrinogen - 7 times, leukocytes and albumin macroaggregates - 4 times, while the content of catalase became 2 times lower, reduced glutathione - 2.5 times, NOS - 8 times compared to the intact group. Introduction of polyprenols* helped normalize all the indicators of antioxidant protection and lipid peroxidation: the level of reduced glutathione became 2 times higher, NOS – 8-10 times up to normal values, the level of catalase restored, the content of albumin macroaggregates in the blood serum became 1.5 times lower, on the average, in comparison with the negative control. Gliatilin had a less pronounced effect. Hematological indices normalized under the influence of both medications: ESR indices – to the norm, the content of leukocytes in the blood became 2-2.5 times lower, on the average, the indicator of blood coagulation (fibrinogen) became 3 times lower, the level of nerve conduction velocity reached the norm.
Conclusions
The study found as follows: the polyprenolic preparation* showed a high efficiency on the model of CCI that was manifested in the restoration of the behavior structure, normalization of cardio-vascular activity, the biochemical status of the animals and the histological pattern of brain tissue. The activity of polyprenols* exceeds that of Gliatilin. Basing on the data, it can be concluded that the polyprenolic preparation* is the most promising medication for the treatment of CCI and its consequences, as evidenced by histological analysis of brain tissue and its various divisions. The preparation helps restore the pathologically altered brain tissue and keep the structure of neurons, as well as restores the structure of animal behavior in the "open field" test and fully normalizes biochemical blood indices after an inflicted craniocerebral injury. It was established that polyprenols* have a pronounced neuroprotective activity and restore the functional activity of the brain after a craniocerebral injury. (Published in the proceedings of the International Conference "Development of Scientific Research and Surveillance of Infectious Diseases"/ edited by A.B. Zhebrun. — SPb.: Louis Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology in Saint Petersburg, Federal Budgetary Institution of Science of Rospotrebnadzor (Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being), 2010)
* A polyprenolic preparation of Ropren was used the study, which is a pure concentrate of polyprenols (the total fraction is 95%). The text of the study is provided by courtesy of Solagran.